Illustrations of cross-above-head varieties
in the major Byzantine-coin reference
works. Return to the main page of cross-above-head coins.
Concordance two ways:
1) Given the Sear number, which references
have photos of it with which officina numbers?
2) Given the reference work, which Sear
numbers with which officina numbers does it have?
Reference works consulted:
Sear. Byzantine Coins and Their Values, second edition,
1988
MIBE. Money of the Incipient Byzantine Empire, volume 1, second
edition, in English, by Wolfgang Hahn. HC 2000. The first edition was
in German, Moneta Imperii Byzantini.
DOC. Dumbarton Oaks Catalog, volume 1. Catalogue of the Byzantine
Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection, by Bellinger. HC 1966.
Grierson. Byzantine Coins (the hardcover book, not his pamphlet
of the same name) HC
BMC Byzantine, Cataogue of the Imperial Byzantine Coins in the
British Museum, by Warwick Wroth.
Bibliotheque Nationale, Catalogue
des Monnaies Byzantine de la Bibliotheque Nationale, volume 1,
by Cecile Morrisson.
Hunter. Byzantine and Early Medieval
Western European Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow,
by Bateson and Campbell
Berk. East Roman Successors of
the Sestertius. HC. 1986.
Whiting, Byzantine Coins. HC 1973.
Belgrade. Byzantine Coins from the
National Museum in Belgrade, by Radic and Ivanisevic. PB 2006.
Berk/England, sale catalog 7 Dec. 1989.
Ratto, Monnaies Byzantines, 9
Dec. 1930 sale.
Concordance
of Byzantine coin references, between Sear and all
the others with photos of cross-above-head illustrations.
Caveat: It can be impossible to tell if a cross-above type is
recorded with a particular officina number. When Hahn or Sear lists a
type with several officina numbers and says "sometimes with cross above
head," we cannot tell which officinae participated unless they are
illustrated. Most types are far more common without the cross and
illustrated without the cross, or, if with a cross, for only one
officina. Whether it exists for the others cannot be determined from
the book. See the notes on MIBE below for illustrated officina numbers.
Format:
Sear #
Reference work, officina number
Anastasius:
Sear 14 (no off.) DOC, MIBE
Sear 17
Sear E, MIBE Delta, BMC Gamma
possibly with a cross, BMC Gamma (possibly a cross)
Sear 19
MIBE A and Gamma
Sear 20 MIBE A (cross uncertain)
Sear 23 (no off.) MIBE
Sear 25 --
Sear 26 --
Sear 29 --
Sear 32 (no off.) DOC, MIBE,
Sear 34 (Delta only) DOC, MIBE, Grierson Delta =
the DOC coin
Sear 42
DOC Delta,
Sear 47
DOC Gamma and A, and D not illustrated, MIBE B and Delta,
BN B, BMC Delta
Sear 48
Sear B, MIBE B, Ratto officina obscure,
Sear 49
DOC B and D, MIBE B and Delta, Grierson A, BN A
Sear 51 -- (cross mentioned by Sear and Hahn)
Sear
52 Sear Delta,
DOC Delta, MIBE Delta and Gamma, BN L
Sear 53
DOC ABN, MIBE NDeltaA and ADeltaN, BMC ADeltaN,
Sear 53A MIBE Gamma NA
inside E, Grierson Gamma, BN Gamma,
Justin:
Sear 62
MIBE A,
Sear 63
DOC Gamma not illustrated, MIBE Gamma (weak)
Sear 64
DOC B (might not have a cross) and E "Badly corroded" not illustrated.
Sear 65
DOC E not
illustrated "very obscure"
Sear 68 -- (cross mentioned as possible by Sear)
Sear 71 (no off.) BMC
Sear 73 DOC Delta
Sear 84 DOC A and B,
MIBE B
Sear 85 MIBE B,
Sear 86 DOC A, MIBE A
Sear 88A MIBE A and B and Gamma,
Belgrade B
Sear 91 DOC B, MIBE
B retrograde K and A
Sear 91 variety with retrograde K
MIBE A
Sear 100 BN A
Sear 101 --
Sear 104 Sear Delta, BN A
Sear 104 variety with retrograde
K BN A
Sear 108 -- (MIBE says "sometimes with cross", but it is not illustrated)
Sear 110 MIBE ADeltaN
Sear 131f Berk/England B
Justinian:
Sear 158 DOC A not
illustrated, BN B
Sear 159 DOC E (officina very
weak)
and two more not illustrated, MIBE E (weak cross), Belgrade B
Sear 159 variety with cross rho in field MIBE E
Sear 160 MIBE E
Sear 161 -- MIBE says it may have cross above head, but does not illustrate it
Sear 161 variety with cross-rho in field MIBE B, MIBE E
Sear 162 DOC E not illustrated
Sear 162 variety with cross-rho in field MIBE E
Sear 164 variety with cross-rho in field MIBE E
Concordance 2, from reference work to Sear numbers.
Format of entries of illustrated coins:
Reference work
Sear # officina #. Book reference #. Emperor,
Mint, Denomination.
Sear
Sear 17 E. Anastasius, Constantinople, small module
M
Sear 41 off. uncertain maybe Gamma. Nicomedia, K
Sear 48 B. Anastasius, Antioch, M
Sear 52 Delta, Anastasius, Antioch, I
Sear 104 Delta, Justin, Antioch, K, AN/TX
Justin and Justinian --
Justinian --
DOC (Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks
Collection)
Anastasius
Sear 14v, no mm. 16b, Anastasius, Constantinople, M,
small module
Sear 32 no mintmark. 29. Anastasius,
Nicomedia, M, small
module
Sear 34, Delta. 34a Anastasius, Nicomedia, M, small
module
Sear 42 Delta, 36.5 has perpendicular at end of
diadem, but not a clear cross. Anastasius, Nicomedia, K
Sear 47 Gamma. 45b. Anastasius. Antioch, M
Sear 47 A. 45c1. Anastasius. Antioch, M
Sear 49 B. 47a. Anastasius, Antioch, K (too
weak on the left to identify the variety)
Sear 49 Delta. 47b. Anastasius, Antioch, K, AN/XT
(letters out of order)
Sear 52 Delta. 48. Anastasius, Antioch, I
Sear 53 ABN upward. 49b, Anastasius, Antioch, E
Justin I
Sear 64 B. 11 (which may not have a cross -- the
picture does not show it) Justin, Constantinople, M
Sear 84 B. 29a.1, Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 84 A. 29a.1 (labeled just 29 in the plates),
Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 86 A. 31, Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 91v B. 35, Justin, Nicomedia, M
Justin I and Justinian I
--
Justinian I
Sear 159 E (officina very weak). 29b.1, Justinian,
Constantinople, M
Nicomedia --
Antioch --
Other DO coins wih crosses but not illustrated:
Anastasius
Sear 47 Delta. 45c.1, Anastasius, Antioch, M
Justin I
Sear 63 Gamma. 10, Justin, Constantinope, M
Sear 64 E. 12, Justin, Constantinope, M
("Badly corroded")
Sear 65 E ("?, very obscure") 13, Justin,
Constantinope, M
Sear 84 A. 29a.2 is marked as illustrated, but is
not. Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 84 B. 29b. 1 and 29b.2, Justin,
Nicomedia, M
Justin and Justinian
--
Justinian
Sear 158 A. 31a.2, Justinian, Constantinople, M
Sear 159 E. 29b.2, Justinian, Constantinople, M
Sear 162 E. 32.1 & 32.3, Justinian,
Constantinople, M
Nicomedia --
Antioch --
MIBE (Money of the Incipient Byzantine Empire, volume 1, second
edition, in English. The first edition was in German, Moneta
Imperii Byzantini)
Anastasius
Sear 14 no mm. 22.2 Anastasius, Constantinople, M,
small module
Sear 17 Delta. 32 (cross very weak, if there)
Anastasius, Constantinople, K, small module
Sear 19 A. 27.2 Anastasius, Constantinople, M
Sear 19 Gamma. 27.3 Gamma (might have a cross, but
not at all certain) Anastasius, Constantinople, M
Sear 20 A. 28.2 (cross uncertain) Anastasius, Constantinople, M
Sear 23, no mm. 31.2, Anastasius, Constantinople, K,
small module
Sear 32, no mm. 41, Anastasius, Nicomedia, K
Sear 34, Delta. 42, Anastasius, Nicomdia, M, small
module
Sear 48 B. 56, Anastasius, Antioch, M
Sear 47 B. 57.1, Anastasius, Antioch, M
Sear 47, Delta. 57.2, Anastasius, Antioch, M
Sear 49 B. 58.1, Anastasius, Antioch, K, AN/XT
Sear 49 Delta. 58.2, Anastasius, Antioch, K, AT/NX
Sear 52 A. 59.1, Anastasius, Antioch, I
Sear 52 Gamma. 59.2, Anastasius, Antioch, I
Sear 52 Delta (with no pellets). 60, Anastasius,
Antioch, I
Sear 53A NA inside E, Gamma to right. 61,
Anastasius, Antioch, E
Sear 53 NDeltaA to right of E, 62.3, Anastasius,
Antioch, E
Sear 53 ADeltaN to right of E, 63.2, Anastasius,
Antioch, E
Justin I
Sear 62 A. 11.1 Justin, Constantinople, M
Sear 63 Gamma (weak). 12.2, Justin, Constantinople, M
Sear 84 B. 35a.3, Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 91 A. 42a.2, Justin, Nicomedia, K
Sear 85 B. 35a.4, has a star (not cross) above the
head, Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 91 B retrograde. 42a.3, Justin, Nicomedia, K
Sear 86 A. 39.2, Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 88A A. 58.1, Justin, Antioch, M
Sear 88A B. 58.2, Justin, Antioch, M
Sear 88A Gamma. 58.3, Justin, Antioch, M
Sear 91 variety (backwards K) A. 61.1, Justin,
Antioch, K
Sear 91 A. 61.2, Justin, Antioch, K
Sear 108 not illustrated, but mentioned as "sometimes with cross"
Sear 110 ADeltaN(?) to right of E. 66, Justin,
Antioch, E
Justin and Justinian
--
Justinian
Sear 159 E (weak cross, if at all). 87.1,
Justinian, Constantinople, M
Sear 159 E variety (cross rho in field right) 87.3, Justinian, Constantinople, M
Sear 160 E. 83.3, 83.4, and 83.5. Justinian, Constantinople, M
Sear 161 variety B (cross rho in field right) . 85.3,
Justinian, Constantinople, M
Sear 161 variety E (dot below rather than globe,
compare 85.3, cross rho in field right) V87, Justinian, Constantinople,
M
Sear 162 variety E (with cross-rho in field), 88.4, Justinian, Constantinople,
M
Sear 164 variety E variety (cross rho in field right). 91.2,
Justinian, Constantinople, K
Comment on other MIBE coins not illustrated:
MIBE lists coins by numbered type and attested
officina numbers and locations of examples are given for each type
number. It is not always easy to tell if the officina numbers that are
not illustrated have a cross or not. For example, Anastasius 27 (Sear
19) says "(sometimes with cross)" and has five possible officina and
four illustrations, one with and three without a cross.
Grierson
Sear 34 Delta. 64. (This is the DO
coin.) Anastasius, Nicomedia, M, small module
Sear 49 A. 75. Anastasius, Antioch, K
Sear 53A Gamma. 78. Gamma. Anastasius,
Antioch, E
Berk, Successors
no photos with cross-above-head
Sear 48 Gamma. 34. Anastasius, Antioch,
M, line drawing
Sear 63 A. 43. Justin,
Constantinople, M, line drawing
Sear 100 A. 92. Justin, Antioch,
M, line drawing
Bibliotheque Nationale (Their numbering is awkward. Each emperor
and each mint and each metal resumes at 01, so to cite a coin you have
to give all three, the emperor, metal, and coin number, which for
copper they write something like "AE/01".)
Sear 47 B. Anastasius, Antioch
AE/01, M
Sear 49 A. Anastasius, Antioch
AE/02, K, AT/NX,
Sear 52 L (upside down Gamma?).
Anastasius, Antioch AE/03. I
Sear 53 Gamma. Anastasius,
Antioch AE/04, E
Sear 100 A. Justin, Antioch AE/01, M
Sear 104 A. Justin, Antioch AE/07, K,
AN/TX,
Sear 104 A variety with backwards K.
Justin, Antioch
AE/08,
Sear 158 B. Justinian, Constantinople
AE/06, M
Grierson
Sear 34 Delta. 64. Anastasius, Nicomedia, K small
module [This coin is DOC 34a]
Sear 49 A. 75, Anastasius, Antoch K, AT/NX (N
retrograde) [Not illustrated in DOC]
Sear 53A Gamma. 78. Anastasius, Antioch, E. [Not
illustrated in DOC]
Justin --, Justinian --
Hunter
none illustrated, however Sear 47 Gamma is 11
of Justin, not illustrated.
Belgrade National Museum
Sear 88A B. 197. Justin, Nicomedia, M
Sear 159 B. 311. Justinian, Nicomedia, M
Whitting
none illustrated
BMC Byzantine. Cataogue of the Imperial Byzantine Coins in the
British Museum, by Warwick Wroth.
Sear 17 Gamma (possibly a cross, not noted in the
text). BMC 39, Plate I.12. Anastasius, Constantinople, M, small module
Sear 47 Delta. BMC 68, Plate II.7. Anastasius,
Antioch, M
Sear 53 ADeltaN. BMC 71, Plate II.8, Anastasius,
Antioch, E
Sear 71 no mm. BMC 37, Plate III.8, Justin,
Constantinople, I
Listed in BMC but not illustrated:
Sear 47 B, BMC 67, Anastasius, Antioch, M
Sear 53 is the Sear number of BM coins with numbers near
71 which are mentioned as a group possibly having a cross, but they are
not illustrated and not clearly individually identified as having a
cross, so I doubt they have a cross.
Sear 104 B. BMC 69, Justin, Antioch, K, NA/TX [BMC says]
Berk/England 1989 auction sale catalog
Sear 131f B (Not in Sear, would be near
131). 12. Justin and Justinian, Antoch, K
Ratto
Sear 48 officina obscure. 378.
Anastasius,
Antioch, M
Return to the main page of
cross-above-head coins.
Go to the page with coins of Anastasius.
Go to the page with coins of Justin.
Go to the page with coins of Justinian.